Differential preservation of rabbit kidney and liver tissue in ringer lactate, euro collins and university of wisconsin solutions

Formalin, the most widely used preservative, has certain drawbacks. The foremost of them is interference with immunohistochemistry. To evaluate the efficacy of three commonly used organ preservation solutions for tissue preservation this experimental study was carried out on rabbit kidney and liver The tissue slices were stored in Ringer Lactate, Euro Collins awl University of Wisconsin solutions [UW solution], for various fixed time intervals. The three solutions were used in their original form as well as with addition of antimicrobial agents. Morphological preservation was assessed by a semi quantitative method. Kidney slices showed better morphological preservation than liver tissue. UW solution demonstrated the highest preservation of the three solutions tried. UW solution was especially effective for liver preservation. Addition of anti microbial agents was more beneficial to kidney preservation than liver. Thus it was concluded that organ preservation solutions may be used for tissue preservation as well

Risk to household contacts of tuberculous patients based on Mantoux test and antibody titre

Tuberculosis, being an infectious disease, carries a risk of infection to contacts attending tuberculous patients. This study was conducted to evaluate the risk for household contacts of tuberculous patients as compared to non-contacts. The study was conducted at PGMI, Gulab Devi Hospital and Defence Housing Authority Lahore. The study included 120 household contacts and 80 non-contacts. A Cross sectional study for evaluation of antituberculous antibodies levels by ELISA method in two groups; Mantoux positive household contacts 49, Mantoux negative household contacts 71 and normal healthy persons 'non contacts' 80. Routine Haematological investigations like HB, TLC and ESR were done by conventional methods and all the sera of 200 subjects included in the study were tested for IgM, IgG and IgA anti tuberculous antibodies by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay [ELISA].Purified protein derivative 0.1 ml containing 5 TU was injected intradermally. The test was read after 72 hours by measuring the induration around injection site of forearm. There was no difference in the average age of the household contacts and non-contacts. The complaints of pyrexia, night sweats and weight loss were more in house hold contacts as compared to non-contacts. The awareness about BCG vaccination was equal in both. There were 49 contacts with positive Mantoux test while negative Mantoux test was found in 71 contacts. There were only three Mantoux positive among eighty non-contacts. There was no significant difference in the presence of IgM among household contacts as compared to non-contacts. However both IgG and IgA were present in significantly higher number of household contacts compared to non-contacts. Household contacts of patients suffering from active pulmonary tuberculosis have more chances of being infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis as compared to the healthy non-contact, as shown by the higher levels of antituberculous antibodies and positivity of Mantoux test

Estimation of p53 antibodies in malignant effusions

To detect the presence of antibodies against p53 protein in the sera and cytologically positive malignant effusions. Cross-sectional study. Department of Pathology, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore from March 1997 to November 1999. Forty cancer patients were selected with different types of malignancies and having cytologically positive effusions. Both sera and respective effusion fluid were collected and stored at '20°C. Anti-p53 ELISA was then carried out by using commercially available ELISA kit. according to the manufacturer's instructions. A positive p53 antibody level corresponded to the presence of antibodies against mutant p53 protein produced as a result of a mutation of p53 gene in the said cancer. Positivity for anti-p53 antibodies was observed in 27 out of 40 sera [67.5%] and in 19 out of 40 effusions [47.5%] of patients with different types of cancers. The comparison revealed a significant difference with a p value of < 0.05. Out of these, 18 subjects had positive anti-p53 antibodies in both the sera and in respective effusion fluids, yielding an overall sensitivity of 66.6% and specificity of 92.3%. The present study demonstrates the usefulness of anti-p53 antibody estimation both in the serum and in effusions, as a marker of neoplasia and as an adjunct to conventional diagnostic cytopathological techniques especially in those tumours in which p53 gene mutations occur

Evaluation of primary pulmonary malignancies in central Punjab, Pakistan

To study the clincopathological findings of Primary Pulmonary Malignancy in central Punjab, Pakistan. Three hundred patients of primary malignancies of the lung from Gulab Devi Chest Hospital and other hospital of Lahore were studied. The history of the Patients and their clinical findings were recorded. The sections of all the cases were stained with Haematoxyllin and eosin whereas all large cell carcinomas were stained with Alcian Blue-Periodic Acid- Schiff [AB-PAS] stain. There were 255 males and 45 females with a male to female ratio of 5.7:1. The age ranged from 10-90 years with a mean age of 54.17 +/- 3.46 years. Different tumors were significantly more [p<0.001] in males than in females. The mean age in squamous cell carcinomas cases was significantly high [P<0.001] as compared with adenocarcinoma. Small cell carcinoma cases had significantly low [P<0.02] mean age as compared with squamous cell carcinoma. The difference of mean age in cases of adenocarcinoma approached significant level [0.1>P>0.05] as compared with small cell carcinoma. The primary lung carcinoma is more common in males. Its prevalence is increasing in young ages

Statistical analysis of astrocytic glioma

Fifty patients of both sexes of Astrocytic Glioma from Sheikh Zayed Hospital and Lahore General Hospital Lahore were included in this study. Ten normal brain tissues [control] were taken from accident cases. Out of 50 study cases there were 16 [32%] were low grade [I-II] Astrocytic Glioma and 34 [68%] were high grade Astrocytic Glioma. The male to female percentage was found out to be 26 [52%] and 24 [48%] respectively. Among the males, 11 [22%] were in grade I-II while 15 [30%] were in grade III-IV Astrocytic Glioma, while 5 [10%] females were in grade I-II and 19 [38%] were in grade No statistical sex difference was seen in the ratio of male and female who developed Astrocytic Glioma [P>0.05]. The ages of the patients ranged from 10 to 76 years with maximum number of cases in the age group 30-49 years. In this age group, 11 [22%] patients had grade I-II while 20 [40%] were in grade type of Astrocytic Glioma. The statistical difference of age in different groups was found to be highly significant, [P<0.01]. The most common presenting complaints were headache, vomiting, weakness of limbs, loss of orientation and giddiness. These were observed mainly in grade III-IV Astrocytic tumors. The complaints of difficulty in speech, papilloedema and fits were observed often with an almost equal ratio in all grades of Astrocytic Glioma. The loss of consciousness was observed only in Grade III-IV tumors. The most common site of Atstorcytic Glioma was Parietal lobe and Fronto-parietal lobe constituting 9 [18%] in grade I-II and 15 [30%] in grade HI-IV Astrocytic Gliomas, that is statistically significant, [P<0.05]. The most common site of Astrocytic Glioma was Parietal lobe, 17 out of 50 [7 in grade I-II and 10 in grade III-IV], while the second most common site of this tumor was Temproparietal region, [4 in grade I-II and 6 in grade III-IV]. There were 29 Astrocytic Gliomas in right lobe [10 in grade I-II, and 19 in grade III-IV], while 18 in left lobe [5 in grade I-II and 13 in grade III-IV]. This was statistically highly significant, [P<0.01]. High grade Astrocytic Glioma was also present in Thalamus, mid brain, and Interventricular septum

Histological changes in renalvessels of albino rats fed on canola oil and hyperlipidaemic diet

To evaluate and compare the atheroscIerotic changes with intake of dietary monounsaturated fatty acid [canola oil] and hyperlipidaemic diet on the renal arteries of albino rats. Design: It was an experimental study conducted at Postgraduate Medical lnstitute [PGMI] Lahore for 24 weeks. Materials and Methods Sixty albino rats of 8 weeks age, equal number of males and females were divide in to five groups of 12 animals each.[Group DO-4]. Different diets were prepared and given to the animals for 24 weeks. Renal arteries were taken to see changes. Gross and microscopic changes for atherosclerosis were studied in animals sacrificed after one week [Group DO] and in animals scarified after 24 weeks of experiment [Groups 1-4]. Only one animal showed atherotic lesion in-group D 2, while all other animals remained lesion free. Our study proved that canola oil was one of the beneficial diets. Canola oil was not only effective when used alone in the diet but it also protected and prevented the atherosclerotic changes of other atherogenic diets